Most breast biopsies fall into the obvious categories of benign or malignant. There is, however, a sub-group of breast biopsies that contain cells that, when viewed under the microscope, appear abnormal but are not frankly malignant. If these cells meet certain criteria set forth by the pathologist, they are labeled as “atypical”. The diagnosis of atypia (the state of breast cells being atypical) is associated with a significantly increased risk for the future development of breast cancer.

There are two common forms of atypia: atypical ductal hyperplasia and atypical lobular hyperplasia. Both are associated with a similar increase in breast cancer risk, and some biopsies contain both types of atypia. This risk is amplified if there is a strong family history of breast cancer. There is also a long list of other pathologic conditions found in breast biopsies that are associated with an increased risk, such as radial scars, multiple papillomatosis, and lobular carcinoma in-situ (LCIS).

It is important that a woman has a clear understanding of the exact nature of her breast biopsy. If there is any question of a high risk condition, it is essential that a patient be given a clear explanation of the risks as well as an appropriate plan of action. Women who have unresolved questions about the nature of their breast biopsy should consider having a second opinion.
(Second Opinion).